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LED
LED ，is light emitting diode, is a kind of solid-state semiconductor devices. It consists of two semiconductor (P-type and N-type semiconductor) and the middle one active layer. When it ends with positive and negative voltage, e began to move and vacancies(positively charged ions)combinded with radiation generated light that is directly converted into electricity to light.
LED Classification

Currently,the use of led lighting in the field,there are two, one is aluminum phosphide, gallium phosphide and indium phosphide alloy (ALGaInP or AllnGap),can be made into red, orange and yellow LED ;the other is InGaN, can be made of green, blue and white LED.

The concept of flux

Unit: lumens [lm]
Light source in the unit of time given the total amount of lights as light source

The concept of light intensity

Unite: candela
Generally speaking, the light beams in different directions, and varying levels of intensity. Visible light within in a given direction angle is called the intensity of the emission intensity .
Light intensity is the angle in a particular direction of the luminous flux emitted within .

The concept of brightness

Unit:Bennett[nt]
Brightness and intensity is not the same concept, we tested the results of the test LED is light intensity.
The brightness of light in a certain direction is the light source unit in the direction of the projection plane in the unit solid angle emitted flux.

The concept of luminous efficiency

The ratio of total luminous flux emitted by source and electric power consumed is named luminous efficiency .
   
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